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1.
Public Health Nutr ; 24(6): 1559-1565, 2021 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33118920

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Identify and characterise the food industry's involvement in nutrition and dietetics national and regional events in Latin America and the Caribbean. DESIGN: Between February and April 2020, we conducted desk-based searches for nutrition and dietetics events held in the region between January 2018 and December 2019. Online freely accessible, publicly available information was collected on the involvement of the food industry through: sponsorship of events; sponsorship of sessions; speakers from the food industry; scholarships, fellowship, grants, awards and other prizes and; exhibition space/booths. SETTING: Nutrition and dietetics events in Latin America and the Caribbean. RESULTS: Thirty-one events held in twenty countries of the region had information publicly available online at the period of data collection. There was a lack of transparency on the involvement of industry actors in these events. When information was publicly available, we found that a total of ninety-two food industry actors sponsored 88 % of these events. CONCLUSIONS: There is a mostly unreported, but likely extensive, involvement of food industry actors in nutrition and dietetics events in Latin America and the Caribbean.


Assuntos
Indústria Alimentícia , Indústria de Processamento de Alimentos , Região do Caribe , Humanos , América Latina , Estado Nutricional
2.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1343587

RESUMO

Objective: Identify and characterise the food industry's involvement in nutrition and dietetics national and regional events in Latin America and the Caribbean. Design: Between February and April 2020, we conducted desk-based searches for nutrition and dietetics events held in the region between January 2018 and December 2019. Online freely accessible, publicly available information was collected on the involvement of the food industry through: sponsorship of events; sponsorship of sessions; speakers from the food industry; scholarships, fellowship, grants, awards and other prizes and; exhibition space/booths. Setting: Nutrition and dietetics events in Latin America and the Caribbean. Results: Thirty-one events held in twenty countries of the region had information publicly available online at the period of data collection. There was a lack of transparency on the involvement of industry actors in these events. When information was publicly available, we found that a total of ninety-two food industry actors sponsored 88 % of these events. Conclusions: There is a mostly unreported, but likely extensive, involvement of food industry actors in nutrition and dietetics events in Latin America and the Caribbean.(AU)


Assuntos
Indústria Alimentícia/tendências , Educação em Saúde , Conferências de Saúde/tendências , Alimentos, Dieta e Nutrição , Região do Caribe , Relatório de Pesquisa , América Latina
3.
An. venez. nutr ; 33(1): 5-13, 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1179856

RESUMO

La falta de una clasificación única para las frutas y hortalizas (FyH) representa un reto al establecer recomendaciones o realizar evaluaciones de su consumo. Por ello, este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar la agrupación de las FyH en Venezuela, considerando únicamente su composición nutricional, en pro de ofrecer criterios científicos que puedan ayudar a establecer posteriormente una clasificación apropiada. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva y transversal que utilizó como fuente secundaria a los valores nutricionales presentados en la Tabla de Composición de Alimentos venezolana. Se compararon los aportes nutricionales de 73 frutas y 47 hortalizas, contra otros 27 alimentos de 8 grupos considerados como suplementarios. Se realizó una comparación entre los grupos de alimentos con la prueba ANOVA, una comparación entre las FyH a través de un análisis de componentes principales y se establecieron grupos de FyH a través del análisis por conglomerados. Se encontró que las FyH se distinguen significativamente de los otros grupos de alimentos, por su alto contenido de agua >80% y ácido ascórbico >35%, con un bajo aporte de proteínas <2% y grasas <1% (p<0,05). Se establecieron 5 grupos de FyH, de los cuales 2 distaron significativamente del promedio por su alto contenido de grasa, sodio o carbohidratos. Los hallazgos sugieren que el aporte nutricional pareciera no ser un factor concluyente para diferenciar entre las frutas y las hortalizas. En conclusión, establecer una clasificación definitiva de FyH considerando únicamente su aporte nutricional, sería limitado, ya que podrían ser muchos otros los factores intervinientes(AU)


The lack of a single classification for fruits and vegetables (F&V) represents a challenge when is necessary establishing recommendations or evaluating their consumption. This study aims to examine the grouping of F&V in Venezuela, considering only their nutritional composition, in order to offer scientific criteria that can help to establish an appropriate classification later. It is a descriptive and cross-sectional investigation that used as a secondary source the nutritional values presented in the Venezuelan Food Composition Table. The nutritional contributions of 73 fruits and 47 vegetables were compared against another 27 foods of 8 groups considered as supplementary. A comparison was made between the food groups with the ANOVA test, a comparison between the F&V through a principal component analysis and F&V groups were established through the cluster analysis. It was found that F&V are major distinguished from other food groups, due to their high-water content >80% and ascorbic acid >35%, with a low protein content <2% and fat <1% (p <0, 05). 5 F&V groups were established, of which 2 were significantly different from the average due to their high content of fat, sodium or carbohydrates. The findings suggest that the nutritional contribution appears not to be a conclusive factor to differentiate between fruits and vegetables. In conclusion, establishing a definitive classification of FyH considering only its nutritional contribution would be limited, since there could be many other factors involved(AU)


Assuntos
Verduras/classificação , Composição de Alimentos , Frutas/classificação , Valor Nutritivo , Vitaminas , Carboidratos , Gorduras , Minerais
4.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 69(4): 245-258, dic. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LIVECS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1103670

RESUMO

Estas recomendaciones se basan en la evidencia científica actual derivada de meta-análisis y revisiones sistemáticas sobre nutrición y prevención de infecciones respiratorias causadas por los virus SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV o influenza, similares en su estructura al SARS-CoV-2. Están dirigidas al personal en la primera línea de atención de salud y al personal que presta servicios esenciales a la comunidad, con alto riesgo de infección por la COVID-19. Estas personas usan equipo de protección personal, cumplen largos turnos laborales, en ocasiones bajo condiciones extremas, lo que puede llevar a descanso insuficiente, alto nivel de estrés, depresión, pobre calidad en la alimentación y deshidratación. Todos estos factores influyen negativamente en el sistema inmune y podrían conllevar un mayor riesgo de infección. Una ingesta adecuada de micronutrientes y otros compuestos bioactivos es esencial para el desempeño óptimo del sistema inmune. Existe evidencia moderada que avala la suplementación, en forma individual, con vitamina C (2 000 mg), vitamina D (1 000-2 000 UI) y zinc (≤ 40 mg) en la prevención de infecciones respiratorias en adultos. No se encontró evidencia suficiente para avalar la suplementación con vitamina A, niacina, ácido fólico, B12, omega 3, probióticos y polifenoles, aunque si se recomienda el consumo de alimentos ricos en estos nutrientes para apoyar al sistema inmune. Se recomienda al personal seguir la recomendación de consumir 5 porciones/día (400 g) de frutas y vegetales/hortalizas, mantenerse hidratado y limitar la cafeína. No hay evidencia del consumo de alimentos alcalinos para prevenir infecciones. Estas recomendaciones son particularmente importantes durante la pandemia(AU)


These recommendations are based on current scientific evidence obtained through meta-analysis and systematic reviews on nutrition and the prevention of respiratory infections related to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV or influenza, similar in structure to SARS-CoV-2. They are aimed at primary health care personnel and to those who provide essential services to the community and are, consequently, at high risk of COVID-19 infection. These individuals wear personal protective equipment, work long shifts, sometimes under extreme conditions, which can lead to insufficient rest, high stress levels, depression, poor nutrition and dehydration. Together, these factors have a negative impact on the immune system and could result in an increased risk of infection. An adequate intake of micronutrients and other bioactive compounds is essential for optimal immune performance. There is moderate evidence supporting supplementation, individually, with vitamin C (2 000 mg), vitamin D (1 000-2 000 IU) and zinc (≤40 mg) for the prevention of respiratory infections in adults. Insufficient evidence was found to support supplementation with vitamin A, niacin, folic acid, B12, omega 3, probiotics and polyphenols; however, the consumption of foods rich in these nutrients is recommended to support immune function. It is recommended that workers follow the recommendation of consuming 400 g/day of fruits and vegetables, remain hydrated and limit caffeine. There is no scientific evidence supporting the consumption of alkaline foods to prevent infections. The aforementioned recommendations are particularly relevant during the pandemic(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Infecções Respiratórias/prevenção & controle , Pessoal de Saúde , Infecções por Coronavirus , Micronutrientes/administração & dosagem , Sistema Imunitário , Recomendações Nutricionais , Alimentos, Dieta e Nutrição , Necessidades Nutricionais
5.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 69(4): 259-273, dic. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LIVECS, LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1103673

RESUMO

La crisis por COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) puede convertirse en una catástrofe alimentaria para Latinoamérica, aumentando las personas que padecen hambre de 135 a 265 millones, especialmente en Venezuela, Guatemala, Honduras, Haití y El Salvador, que ya enfrentaban crisis económicas y sanitarias. Este manuscrito presenta la posición de un grupo de expertos latinoamericanos sobre las recomendaciones de consumo y/o suplementación con vitamina A, C, D, zinc, hierro, folatos y micronutrientes múltiples, en contextos de desnutrición, para grupos vulnerables: mujeres embarazadas y lactantes, niñas y niños menores de 5 años y adultos mayores. Las recomendaciones buscan disminuir el impacto potencial que tendrá COVID-19 en el estado nutricional, durante la pandemia. La posición surge de la discusión de dichos expertos con base a la revisión de evidencia científica actual para estos grupos vulnerables. Está dirigida a tomadores de decisiones, encargados de políticas públicas, personal de salud y organismos de la sociedad civil. Después de la lactancia materna y una dieta suficiente en cantidad y calidad, la suplementación con los micronutrientes presentados, puede contribuir a prevenir y tratar enfermedades virales, reforzar el sistema inmune y reducir complicaciones. La lactancia materna con medidas de higiene respiratoria, el suministro de múltiples micronutrientes en polvo para niños desde los 6 meses hasta los 5 años y el aporte de hierro y folatos o micronutrientes múltiples para la embarazada, son estrategias comprobadas y eficaces que deben seguirse implementando en tiempos de COVID-19. Para los adultos mayores la suplementación con vitamina C, D y zinc puede estar indicada(AU)


The COVID-19 crisis (SARS-CoV-2) might transform into a food catastrophe in Latin America and would increase the number of people suffering from hunger from 135 to 265 million, particularly in Venezuela, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti and El Salvador, already facing economic and health crises. This manuscript presents the position of a group of Latin American experts in nutrition for establishing the recommendations for consumption and / or supplementation with vitamin A, C, D, zinc, iron, folates and multiple micronutrients, in undernutrition contexts, for vulnerable population of pregnant and lactating women, children under 5 years and the elderly. The recommendations seek to decrease the potential impact that COVID-19 will have on nutritional status during the pandemic. The position arises from the discussion of the experts based on the review of current scientific evidence for these vulnerable groups. It aims to reach stakeholders, public policy makers, health personnel and civil society organizations. Only after breastfeeding and a sufficient diet in terms of quantity and quality, a supplementation with the micronutrients mentioned above can help prevent and treat viral diseases, strengthen the immune system and even reduce complications. Breastfeeding with respiratory hygiene measures, the provision of multiple micronutrients powders for children from 6 moths to 5 years of age and the supply of iron and folates or multiple micronutrients tablets for pregnant women are proven and effective strategies that must continue to be implemented during COVID-19 pandemic. For older adults, supplementation with vitamin C, D and zinc might be indicated(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Infecções Respiratórias , Nutrição dos Grupos Vulneráveis , Fome , Micronutrientes , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Sistema Imunitário , Deficiência de Vitaminas , Suplementos Nutricionais , Deficiências Nutricionais , Desnutrição , Pandemias , América Latina
6.
An. venez. nutr ; 31(1): 4-12, 2018. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1021530

RESUMO

El Programa Balance Energético para Niños (EB4K, en inglés), incluye una metodología que integra múltiples componentes utilizado inicialmente para prevenir la obesidad desde la escuela, en los Estados Unidos, basado en evidencia científica. Este modelo se adaptó para un estudio piloto en una escuela de bajos recursos del Municipio Sucre del Estado Miranda de Venezuela, cuyo objetivo fue evaluar la efectividad del programa EB4K. Se planteó un estudio longitudinal, cuasi-experimental con diseño pre y post intervención, de 12 semanas de duración en el cual se aplicó el programa educativo EB4K a 133 estudiantes de 3ro a 5to grado de educación básica. Se evaluaron datos demográficos, estado nutricional antropométrico, conocimiento nutricional, frecuencia de desayuno semanal y conocimiento sobre actividad física mediante un cuestionario desarrollado con base en el original de EB4K y adaptado para tal fin. Posterior a la intervención, el estado nutricional antropométrico clasificado por Índice de Masa Corporal para la edad, presentó una tendencia a disminuir en 11,3% de los sujetos; se registró un aumento de 8,2% en el conocimiento nutricional y de 4,5% para la ingesta diaria de desayuno. No se observaron cambios en relación al conocimiento sobre actividad física. Se concluye que el programa EB4K, pudiera generar cambios positivos en los escolares, especialmente en el manejo de los conocimientos nutricionales, siendo la práctica de actividad física una de las variables cuyo tratamiento debe ser reforzado en el programa(AU)


The Energy Balance for Kids (EB4K) Program is founded on an evidence based multicomponent methodology initially implemented to prevent obesity in school environments in the USA. This model was adapted for a pilot study with the aim to evaluate the effectiveness of the EB4K revised program for Venezuela, in a low-income school at Sucre Municipality of Miranda State. This is a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study with a design before and after the lasting 12 weeks in which the EB4K educational program was applied to 133 students from 3rd to 5th grade of basic elementary school. Demographic data, anthropometric nutritional status, nutritional information, frequency of weekly breakfast and knowledge of physical activity were evaluated through a questionnaire developed based on the original EB4K and adapted for that purpose. After the 12 weeks, there was an increase of 8.2% in the nutritional knowledge and 4.5% for the daily breakfast intake, after the intervention. Regarding the knowledge about physical activity, no changes were observed, while the anthropometric nutritional status classified by Body Mass Index for age showed a tendency to decrease in 11.3% of the subjects, after 12 weeks. In conclusion, the EB4K program could generate positive changes in schoolchildren, especially in nutritional knowledge, being the practice of physical activity a message that should be reinforced in this program(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Programas de Nutrição , Projetos Piloto , Estado Nutricional , Metabolismo Energético , Obesidade Pediátrica/complicações , Índice de Massa Corporal , Atividade Motora
7.
Salud trab. (Maracay) ; 25(2): 138-146, dic, 2017. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1117318

RESUMO

Una alimentación adecuada constituye un factor fundamental para la fuerza de trabajo productiva. La investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el diseño de un plato saludable y las apreciaciones de los trabajadores de una industria química sobre una jornada de educación nutricional en La Victoria, Edo. Aragua, año 2015. Se realizó una jornada de educación nutricional con participación activa de los trabajadores, cuya evaluación se realizó bajo una metodología mixta, para el enfoque cualitativo, se analizó las apreciaciones del grupo de estudio, y desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, se formuló el plato saludable a partir de las propuestas obtenidas por 40 trabajadores; contemplando 5 grupos de alimentos: proteínas, carbohidratos, vegetales, grasas y frutas. Como resultado, para cada grupo de alimentos se seleccionó el alimento con mayor porcentaje de menciones, los cuales fueron: pechuga de pollo a la plancha (50%), arroz blanco (62,5%), ensalada mixta (52,5%), aguacate (7,5%) y manzana (20%), respectivamente. Se observó en las apreciaciones de los trabajadores, que desean guiarse por los principios del plato saludable y cambiar sus hábitos de alimentación. Se concluye que el diseño del plato se consideró satisfactorio, con los principios nutricionales, y además, se obtuvieron apreciaciones positivas para equilibrar la alimentación, servir porciones adecuadas e incorporar todos los grupos de alimentos en sus comidas diarias. Se propone que esta actividad educativa constituya un aporte inicial para el desarrollo de un plan de formación integral que refuerce los hábitos de alimentación adecuada en los trabajadores(AU)


Proper nutrition is a key factor for a productive workforce. The objective of the study was to evaluate the design of a healthy meal and feedback from workers at a chemical plant in La Victoria, Aragua State, who underwent a day of nutritional education in 2015. A one-day nutritional education session was carried out with active worker participation. We used a mixed methods approach, where a qualitative approach was used to analyze findings derived from the study group, and a quantitative component that resulted in the formulation of a healthy meal based on proposals from 40 workers in the context of the five basic food groups: proteins, carbohydrates, vegetables, fats and fruits. As a result, for each group, the meals most often selected were grilled chicken breast (50%), white rice (62.5%), mixed salad (52.5%), avocado (7.5%) and apple (20%). Workers expressed an interest in being guided by healthy eating principles and in changing their eating habits. In conclusion, the design of the meal was satisfactory and in line with nutritional principles; in addition, there was a positive attitude towards balancing meals, serving adequate portions and incorporating all food groups into their daily meals. This educational activity represents an initial step towards the development of an integral training plan that reinforces proper eating habits among workers(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Educação Alimentar e Nutricional , Indústria Química , Comportamento Alimentar , Dieta Saudável , Categorias de Trabalhadores
9.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 66(3): 201-210, Sept. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-838446

RESUMO

El estrés oxidativo constituye un factor importante en el desarrollo de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (ECVs) debido a los daños graves que provocan las especies reactivas de oxígeno en las biomoléculas, por lo que el consumo adecuado de vitaminas con propiedades antioxidantes podría prevenir o retrasar la aparición de estas enfermedades. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la relación entre la ingesta de antioxidantes, factores nutricionales y marcadores bioquímicos en un grupo de individuos sanos de Caracas, Venezuela. El estudio incluyó 29 participantes entre 18-40 años de edad a los cuales se les realizó tres recordatorios dietéticos de 24h, mediciones antropométricas [peso, estatura, circunferencia de cintura (CC), índice cintura cadera (ICC) y % grasa corporal (% GC)] según normativa del Programa Internacional de Biología (IBP). Adicionalmente, se determinó el perfil lipídico y la concentración de 8-isoprostano como marcador de estrés oxidativo. Los participantes tomaron 1 cápsula diaria de vitaminas antioxidantes por 30 días. Posterior al tratamiento con antioxidante, no hubo cambios significativos en las concentraciones de triglicéridos (TG), colesterol total (CT), colesterol de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (c-LDL) y colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad (c-HDL). Por su parte, el 8-isoprostano registró una correlación significativa entre antes y después del tratamiento (r=0,374; p<0,05); siendo el mayor descenso en los individuos que presentaron mayor % GC y CC. Los hallazgos sugieren que el suplemento de antioxidantes tiende a disminuir el estrés oxidativo en un corto período de tiempo, particularmente en individuos con mayor % GC, previniendo el desarrollo de ECVs(AU)


Oxidative stress is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) due to the serious damage caused by reactive oxygen species to biomolecules, thus, adequate intake of vitamins with antioxidant properties could prevent or delay the onset of these diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between antioxidant intake, nutritional factors and biochemical markers in a group of healthy individuals in Caracas, Venezuela. The study included 29 participants between 18-40 years of age who underwent three 24-hour dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements [weight, height, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and % body fat (% BF)] according to the International Biology Program (IBP) methodology. In addition, the lipid profile and the concentration of 8-isoprostane as a marker of oxidative stress was determined. The participants took one daily capsule of antioxidant vitamins for 30 days. After treatment with antioxidants, no significant changes in triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) levels were observed. Meanwhile, the 8-isoprostane recorded a significative correlation between before and after treatment (r=0.374; p<0.05). The decline in 8-isoprostane levels was more evident in those individuals with the highest % BF and WC. These findings suggest that antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative stress in a short period of time, particularly in higher % BF individuals, and might help prevent CVDs(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Vitaminas , Ingestão de Alimentos , Antropometria
10.
Arch Latinoam Nutr ; 66(3): 201-210, 2016 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29870607

RESUMO

Oxidative stress is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular ciseases (CVD) due to the serious damage caused by reactive oxygen species to biomolecules, thus, adequate intake of vitamins with antioxidant properties could prevent or delay the onset of these diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between antioxidant intake, nutritional factors and biochemical markers in a group of healthy individuals in Caracas, Venezuela. The study included 29 participants between 18-40 years of age who underwent three 24-hour dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements [weight, height, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and % body fat (% BF)] according to the International Biology Program (IBP) methodology. Tn addition, the lipid profile and the concentration of 8-isoprostane as a marker of oxidative stress was determined. The participants took one daily capsule of antioxidant vitamins for.30 days. After treatment with antioxidants, no significant changes in triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (14DL-C) levels were observed. Meanwhile, the 8-isoprostane recorded a significative correlation between before and after treatment (r=0.374; p<0.05). The decline in 8-isoprostane levels was more evident in those individuals with the highest % BF and WC. These findings suggest that antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative stress in a short period of time, particularly in higher % BF individuals, and might help prevent CVDs.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Suplementos Nutricionais , Comportamento Alimentar , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Adolescente , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Colesterol/sangue , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Dinoprosta/análogos & derivados , Dinoprosta/sangue , Feminino , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Masculino , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Venezuela , Adulto Jovem
11.
An. venez. nutr ; 26(1): 5-13, jun. 2013. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: lil-705432

RESUMO

El Índice Glicémico (IG) y la Carga Glucémica (CG) son indicadores válidos del efecto de los alimentos en la respuesta de la glucosa plasmática. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el IG y CG de las dietas consumidas por adultos diabéticos y no diabéticos, como indicadores de la calidad de la dieta y su relación con el estado nutricional. El estudio se llevó a cabo en la consulta de Endocrinología del Hospital Militar "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" durante el período julio 2010 - enero 2011. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, con un grupo de estudio de 43 sujetos adultos, 23 diabéticos (D) y 20 no diabéticos (ND). Se aplicó una evaluación nutricional antropométrica y se determinó el IG y CG de la dieta. Para la comparación entre las medias de los grupos se realizó la prueba de "t" de Student y para las distribuciones entre los grupo se utilizó Chi2. Se encontró un predominio de IG medio y alto (70% en ND y 88% en D), CG moderada y alta (75% en ND y 78% en D) y malnutrición por exceso (55% en ND y 70% en D) en ambos grupos. Se concluye que IG y CG son indicadores alternativos y válidos de la calidad de la dieta y puede considerarse su utilidad en la evaluación y manejo dietoterapéutico de los diabéticos y en programas de prevención de enfermedades crónicas, dirigidos a la población en general, sin hacer uso aislado ni desconocer sus limitaciones(AU)


The Glycemic Index (GI) and Glycemic Load (GL) are valid indicators of effect of foods on blood glucose response. This study aimed to assess the GI and GL of diets consumed by diabetics and nondiabetics adults, as indicators of diet quality and its relation to nutritional status. The study was carried out in the consultation of Endocrinology of the Military Hospital "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" during the period July 2010 - January 2011. This is a descriptive research, with a study group of 43 adult subjects, 23 diabetics (D) and 20 nondiabetics (ND). Nutritional anthropometric evaluation was applied and determined the GI and GL of diet. For comparison between means groups the test "t" of Student was conducted and for distributions between groups Chi2 was used. Was found a predominance of medium and high IG (70% ND and 88% in D), medium and high CG (75% in ND and 78.3% in D) and excess malnutrition (55% in ND and 70% D) in both groups. We conclude that GI and GL are alternative and valid indicators of quality of diet and may be considered useful in the assessment and dietary management of diabetics and in prevention of chronic diseases programs, aimed at the general population, without using isolated and unaware of their limitations(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Avaliação Nutricional , Índice Glicêmico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Dieta para Diabéticos , Carga Glicêmica , Dieta , Saúde Pública , Riscos Ambientais , Desnutrição
12.
Arch. venez. farmacol. ter ; 30(4): 67-71, 2011. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-699616

RESUMO

Es de consenso que una alimentación saludable tiene un papel fundamental en la prevención y tratamiento de diversas patologías. Los profesionales de la salud durante su formación académica reciben los conocimientos básicos acerca de una alimentación equilibrada, por lo que se supone serían personas privilegiadas en recursos ideológicos y prácticos evitar conductas alimentarias que afectan su salud. Sin embargo, se observa en general, que en los mismos persiste un consumo inadecuado de alimentos y por ende no transmitirían la importancia de una alimentación adecuada a sus pacientes. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar y comparar la conducta alimentaria de los profesionales de la salud del Hospital Militar "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" Caracas-Venezuela y el Mountain Health and Wllness (MWH) Yuma, Arizona, Estados Unidos, Para ello, se aplico un cuestionario cualitativo de frecuencia del consumo de alimentos a fin de determinar la conducta alimentaria de 35 profesionales de la salud de ambos géneros, 19 en Yuma, Arizona USA y 16 en Caracas, Venezuela. Se observó, del análisis de los resultados, que el impacto de la dieta constituye un riesgo medio para la salud de los individuos de ambos grupos, debido a que los alimentos prdominantes, de estas dietas, fueron las grasas saturadas y el sodio, además de un bajo consumo de antioxidantes, fibra y calcio


It is of consensus that a healthy feeding fave essential role in the prevention and treatment of diverse pathologies. During academic training, the health professionals must receive basic knowledge about a healthy diet. For hence, it is assumed, that they would be people privileged in ideological and practical resources order to avoid habits eating, that affecting their own health. However, it is usually observed that on this professional pesists, the same inappropriate consumption of food and therefore they do not transmit the importance of a healthy diet to their patients. The goal of the study was to evaluate and compare the eating habits fron helath professional of the Hospital Militar "Dr. Carlos Arvelo" Caracas-Venezuela and of the Mountain and Wllness (MHW) Yuma, Arizona, United State of America. To perform the assay a qualitative food frequency questionnaire was applied in order to determine the eating behavior of 35 health professionals of both genders; 19 in Yuma, Arizona USA and 16 in Caracas, Venezuela. It was observed from the analysis of the data, that the impact of the diet is a medium risk to the health of individuals in both groups, because the predominant food of these diets, were the saturated fat and sodium, in addition to a low consumption of antioxidants, fiber and calcium


Assuntos
Comportamento Alimentar , Ingestão de Alimentos , Pessoal de Saúde , Mão de Obra em Saúde , Farmacologia
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